a School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
b School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
2024, 16(12): 5209-5220. doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2024.01.025
Received: 2023-09-07 / Revised: 2024-01-08 / Accepted: 2024-01-30 / Available online: 2024-06-15
2024, 16(12): 5209-5220.
doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2024.01.025
Received: 2023-09-07
Revised: 2024-01-08
Accepted: 2024-01-30
Available online: 2024-06-15
Various industrial waste binders (IWBs) are being recycled in soil stabilization to save cement consumption. However, the coupled effects brought out by combined IWBs on stabilized soils are still unclear. IWBs are categorized into two typical categories (IWB-A and IWB-B) referring to their chemical role in this study. The alkali-source effect, pore-filling effect and cementation damage effect by IWBs in soil stabilization are explored. A series of mechanical and microscopic tests is performed on stabilized clay with different proportions of IWB-A and IWB-B. Moreover, initial water contents and cement contents of cement-stabilized clay are varied to examine the evolution of coupled effect with void ratio and cementation level. The results indicate that the alkali-source effect strengthens the cementation bonds and increases the early strength by 0.5–1.3 times, whereas the pore-filling effect improves the microfabric especially for the specimen with a large void ratio. The alkali-source effect increases soil cohesion cu at the pre-yield stage, and the pore-filling effect increases frictional angle φu at the post-yield stage. The cementation damage effect is remarkable at a low void ratio, which may result in many extruded pores among soil aggregates. The strength evolution with IWB proportions can be well stimulated by considering the coupled alkali-source effect, pore-filling effect and cementation damage effect. The optimal proportion of IWBs corresponds to an optimal combination of coupled effect.
Keywords: Cement-stabilized clay, Industrial waste binder (IWB), Alkali-source effect, Pore-filling effect, Cementation damage effect
Xing Wan
Xing Wan obtained his BSc degree from Nanjing Technological University in 2016 and his MSc degree from Southeast University in 2019. He is currently a PhD candidate in the College of Transportation at Southeast University, China. He was awarded a scholarship under the China Scholarship Council (CSC) to pursue study in Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore, from 2023 to 2024. His research interests include (1) Stabilization of dredged clay at high water contents; (2) Utilization of industrial solid wastes in cementitious materials; and (3) Deep excavation behavior and geotechnical field tests. His paper published in ASCE journal was granted Editor's Choice Award in 2022.